Soil and water conservation measures are essential in good land management and watershed planning. Several treatment measures are designed to prevent soil erosion, as well as to improve land capacity and moisture regime and diversify biological endowment.

The measures include both ENGINEERING METHODS like contour trench, check funds, check dams, gully plugs and water harvesting structures and VEGETATIVE METHODS like afforestation, pasture development and fodder development

Soil conservation works are chiefly done in the catchments of rivers-Teesta, Kangsabati and Mayurakshi, Rupnarayan and Ajoy under state plan as well as under centrally sponsored schemes viz, River Valley Project (RVP) and Flood Prone Rivers(FRP).A new feature of present watershed management and soil conservation works in the state is the concept of involvement of local community in project formulation and participation in execution and maintenance of assets created.